But these are unlikely when you take your medications exactly as prescribed. Nonmedical amphetamine use is common with amphetamine, dextroamphetamine and methamphetamine. This includes using them without a prescription or in a way other than prescribed.

How we reviewed this article:

• Unclear risk was identified in one study 23 due to insufficient description of group allocation.
• The first step in addiction treatment is detoxification, which involves removing amphetamines from the body and managing withdrawal symptoms.
• When taken as prescribed, amphetamines and related drugs do not cause addiction.
• This means that the person needs to take more and more of the drug to get the desired effect.
• Computed tomography of the head is also useful to assess hemorrhagic stroke as a potential cause of neurologic deficits.

Detoxification typically lasts a week, while comprehensive rehabilitation and recovery take several months to years. Early warning signs of amphetamine addiction include increased energy, euphoria, rapid speech, decreased appetite, insomnia, and social withdrawal. Amphetamine abuse has severe long-term effects on both physical and mental health. Physically, it leads to cardiovascular issues, malnutrition, and brain damage, affecting overall cognitive function and well-being. Some of the effects of methamphetamine abuse include hyperthermia, irregular/rapid heartbeat, increased respiration, decreased appetite, increased activity, increased attention, and decreased fatigue. Detoxification is the first stage of treatment, whereby all toxins of the drug will be allowed to drain out of your system.

Effects of amphetamines on an abuser’s life

• Calls to our general hotline may be answered by private treatment providers.
• Taking some drugs can be particularly risky, especially if you take high doses or combine them with other drugs or alcohol.
• Amphetamines are a drug class belonging to central nervous system (CNS) stimulants and have both illicit and legal variations, both of which are regularly abused.

Three studies examined sustained/extended-release oral methylphenidate in addition to the study reporting methylphenidate versus aripiprazole discussed earlier. All three were in the outpatient setting and used the same dose (54 mg po OD). Of the 43 studies, 38 (88%) reported on the total number of participants who completed the study, while five studies (12%) did not 36, 39, 57, 62, 64. Of the 38 reporting on study completion rates, the total number of participants randomised was 3733 (92% of the total) and of these, 2298 participants completed the study (61.6%). Forty (93.0%) of these studies were double-blinded 24–45, 47–55, 57–65. In total, 39 (90.7%) were placebo controlled, while the remaining four studies (9.3%) were designed with a treatment-as-usual or alternate treatment arm as the control 36, 49, 61, 66.

Nationally Accredited Behavioral Health Programs

Furthermore, using pharmacological treatments combined with BCBT is applicable to a broad range of patients due to the practical techniques and skills that such therapies impart to patients 10. To date, there are no systematic reviews that specifically show the effectiveness of pharmacological treatments alone or in combination with Twelve-step program BCBT in treating Iranian amphetamine abusers. To date, there is no systematic review to specifically show the efficacy of BCBT for treating amphetamines abusers in the world. In other words, it is not documented how BCBT is efficacious for treating amphetamine abuse/use disorder alone or in combination with pharmacological treatments in other countries. The current systematic review aims to address these two gaps in the research literature.

Amphetamine dependence

• Nevertheless, studies have indicated that the self-report of drug-related problems is reliable, as long as participation is voluntary and results remain confidential 27.
• Abuse of methamphetamine can cause long-lasting brain damage along with other problems.
• There was no observable difference in any outcome measure between doses or against placebo.
• Such treatment programmes are effective because they don’t merely focus on the symptoms, but actually dig deeper to unearth the problem and rectify it.
• A person experiencing amphetamine salts addiction, meth addiction, or even prescription amphetamine addiction is not advised to quit cold turkey—and certainly shouldn’t attempt detox at home.

In terms of feasibility, amineptine has never been approved by the US Federal Drug Administration (FDA) and has been suspended in other jurisdictions due to hepatotoxic effects and abuse liability. Conducting a traditional systematic review and meta-analyses is predicated on the assumption of studies reporting on similar outcomes, using similar outcome measures, and with similar methodology. However, the data we reviewed herein was disparate in respect to the reported outcomes and measures. This prohibited meta-analysis of the literature but allowed for a comprehensive report on amphetamine addiction the current status of the research.

Amphetamines Symptoms and Warning Signs

Notably, amphetamines’ sympathomimetic properties precipitate adverse cardiovascular and neurological effects, with studies indicating their involvement in a significant proportion of drug-related deaths in the US. Symptoms of amphetamine toxicity span a spectrum, encompassing tachycardia, hypertension, impulsivity, aggression, serotonin syndrome, psychosis, and seizures, underscoring the complexity of its clinical manifestations. Populations under-represented in the literature must also be addressed in future research. Harmonisation of outcomes and outcome measures to produce results that can be synthesised by meta-analyses should https://ecosoberhouse.com/ be a sector-wide imperative, to ensure better research synthesis. At a minimum, reduction in MA/AMPH use (e.g. days used or reduction in MA/AMPH-positive UDS) is required for assessment of efficacy. The reliance on extended periods of ‘abstinence’ as a primary endpoint does not always reflect participant treatment goals and is a somewhat insensitive marker of clinically meaningful change in substance use.

• They were first synthesized in the late 19th century and were initially used for medical purposes, such as treating asthma and nasal congestion.
• It can also entail mental and behavioral dependencies on the drug in question.
• It’s best to seek treatment immediately in order to determine whether you have any co-occurring disorders, so they can be treated accordingly.
• Medical professionals often prescribe amphetamines like Adderall and Ritalin to treat narcolepsy and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) to increase alertness and concentration 1.